Conjugation › Arabic › Aʿṭā / yuʿṭī
Arabic · Verb Tables · Intermediate
أَعْطَى / يُعْطِي (aʿṭā / yuʿṭī) means "to give" in Arabic. Present: أنا (anā) أُعْطِي [uʿṭī], أنتَ (anta) تُعْطِي [tuʿṭī], أنتِ (anti) تُعْطِينَ [tuʿṭīna], هو (huwa) يُعْطِي [yuʿṭī], هي (hiya) تُعْطِي [tuʿṭī], نحن (naḥnu) نُعْطِي [nuʿṭī]. Below: all 16 tenses we teach, with examples.
The present (imperfect) stem takes a person prefix and, for 'you (f.)' and the plurals, a suffix, plus the indicative ending -u (dropped in casual speech). Covers English simple present and present continuous alike ('I write' / 'I am writing') — Arabic does not force a choice between them.
| أنا (anā) | أُعْطِي [uʿṭī] |
| أنتَ (anta) | تُعْطِي [tuʿṭī] |
| أنتِ (anti) | تُعْطِينَ [tuʿṭīna] |
| هو (huwa) | يُعْطِي [yuʿṭī] |
| هي (hiya) | تُعْطِي [tuʿṭī] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | نُعْطِي [nuʿṭī] |
| أنتم (antum) | تُعْطُونَ [tuʿṭūna] |
| هم (hum) | يُعْطُونَ [yuʿṭūna] |
Arabic has no separate progressive verb form; ongoing action is normally just the plain present above. To stress 'right now', speakers instead use the active participle (ism al-fāʿil, here kātib 'writing') as the predicate; it agrees like an adjective (gender/number), not by person, so 'I' and 'you (m.)' share the masculine form shown here and 'she' takes the feminine kātibatun.
| أنا (anā) | أَنا مُعْطٍ [anā muʿṭin] |
| أنتَ (anta) | أَنْتَ مُعْطٍ [anta muʿṭin] |
| أنتِ (anti) | أَنْتِ مُعْطِيَةٌ [anti muʿṭiyatun] |
| هو (huwa) | هُوَ مُعْطٍ [huwa muʿṭin] |
| هي (hiya) | هِيَ مُعْطِيَةٌ [hiya muʿṭiyatun] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | نَحْنُ مُعْطُونَ [naḥnu muʿṭūna] |
| أنتم (antum) | أَنْتُمْ مُعْطُونَ [antum muʿṭūna] |
| هم (hum) | هُمْ مُعْطُونَ [hum muʿṭūna] |
The past (perfect) stem takes only suffixes for person, gender and number; there is no prefix. Used for any completed action, corresponding to both English simple past ('I wrote') and, in most contexts, present perfect ('I have written').
| أنا (anā) | أَعْطَيْتُ [aʿṭaytu] |
| أنتَ (anta) | أَعْطَيْتَ [aʿṭayta] |
| أنتِ (anti) | أَعْطَيْتِ [aʿṭayti] |
| هو (huwa) | أَعْطَى [aʿṭā] |
| هي (hiya) | أَعْطَتْ [aʿṭat] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | أَعْطَيْنا [aʿṭaynā] |
| أنتم (antum) | أَعْطَيْتُمْ [aʿṭaytum] |
| هم (hum) | أَعْطَوْا [aʿṭaw] |
No single-word imperfect exists; it is built with kāna (to be, conjugated in the past) followed by the plain present tense of the main verb. Matches English 'was writing' or 'used to write'.
| أنا (anā) | كُنْتُ [kuntu] أُعْطِي [uʿṭī] |
| أنتَ (anta) | كُنْتَ [kunta] تُعْطِي [tuʿṭī] |
| أنتِ (anti) | كُنْتِ [kunti] تُعْطِينَ [tuʿṭīna] |
| هو (huwa) | كانَ [kāna] يُعْطِي [yuʿṭī] |
| هي (hiya) | كانَتْ [kānat] تُعْطِي [tuʿṭī] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | كُنّا [kunnā] نُعْطِي [nuʿṭī] |
| أنتم (antum) | كُنْتُمْ [kuntum] تُعْطُونَ [tuʿṭūna] |
| هم (hum) | كانُوا [kānū] يُعْطُونَ [yuʿṭūna] |
MSA does not distinguish 'I wrote' from 'I have written' morphologically — both are the simple past. The particle قد (qad) placed before the past verb adds the nuance of a completed action with present relevance ('have indeed done'), common in news and formal writing.
| أنا (anā) | قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُ [qad aʿṭaytu] |
| أنتَ (anta) | قَدْ أَعْطَيْتَ [qad aʿṭayta] |
| أنتِ (anti) | قَدْ أَعْطَيْتِ [qad aʿṭayti] |
| هو (huwa) | قَدْ أَعْطَى [qad aʿṭā] |
| هي (hiya) | قَدْ أَعْطَتْ [qad aʿṭat] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | قَدْ أَعْطَيْنا [qad aʿṭaynā] |
| أنتم (antum) | قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُمْ [qad aʿṭaytum] |
| هم (hum) | قَدْ أَعْطَوْا [qad aʿṭaw] |
Built with kāna (past) + قد (qad) + the past-tense main verb. Matches English 'had written'.
| أنا (anā) | كُنْتُ [kuntu] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُ [aʿṭaytu] |
| أنتَ (anta) | كُنْتَ [kunta] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتَ [aʿṭayta] |
| أنتِ (anti) | كُنْتِ [kunti] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتِ [aʿṭayti] |
| هو (huwa) | كانَ [kāna] قَدْ أَعْطَى [aʿṭā] |
| هي (hiya) | كانَتْ [kānat] قَدْ أَعْطَتْ [aʿṭat] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | كُنّا [kunnā] قَدْ أَعْطَيْنا [aʿṭaynā] |
| أنتم (antum) | كُنْتُمْ [kuntum] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُمْ [aʿṭaytum] |
| هم (hum) | كانُوا [kānū] قَدْ أَعْطَوْا [aʿṭaw] |
Formed by attaching the prefix سَـ (sa-) directly to the present-tense verb. Used for something the speaker sees as fairly soon or certain — the everyday way to say 'will'.
| أنا (anā) | سَأُعْطِي [sa'uʿṭī] |
| أنتَ (anta) | سَتُعْطِي [sa-tuʿṭī] |
| أنتِ (anti) | سَتُعْطِينَ [sa-tuʿṭīna] |
| هو (huwa) | سَيُعْطِي [sa-yuʿṭī] |
| هي (hiya) | سَتُعْطِي [sa-tuʿṭī] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | سَنُعْطِي [sa-nuʿṭī] |
| أنتم (antum) | سَتُعْطُونَ [sa-tuʿṭūna] |
| هم (hum) | سَيُعْطُونَ [sa-yuʿṭūna] |
Formed with the separate word سوف (sawfa) before the present-tense verb instead of the attached سـ. Textbooks treat it as interchangeable with the near future, just a shade more formal or more distant/emphatic.
| أنا (anā) | سَوْفَ أُعْطِي [sawfa uʿṭī] |
| أنتَ (anta) | سَوْفَ تُعْطِي [sawfa tuʿṭī] |
| أنتِ (anti) | سَوْفَ تُعْطِينَ [sawfa tuʿṭīna] |
| هو (huwa) | سَوْفَ يُعْطِي [sawfa yuʿṭī] |
| هي (hiya) | سَوْفَ تُعْطِي [sawfa tuʿṭī] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | سَوْفَ نُعْطِي [sawfa nuʿṭī] |
| أنتم (antum) | سَوْفَ تُعْطُونَ [sawfa tuʿṭūna] |
| هم (hum) | سَوْفَ يُعْطُونَ [sawfa yuʿṭūna] |
Built with سَـ + kūn (the future of kāna) + قد (qad) + the past-tense main verb. Matches English 'will have written'; mainly seen in formal or written registers.
| أنا (anā) | سَأَكُونُ [sa'akūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُ [aʿṭaytu] |
| أنتَ (anta) | سَتَكُونُ [sa-takūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتَ [aʿṭayta] |
| أنتِ (anti) | سَتَكُونِينَ [sa-takūnīna] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتِ [aʿṭayti] |
| هو (huwa) | سَيَكُونُ [sa-yakūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَى [aʿṭā] |
| هي (hiya) | سَتَكُونُ [sa-takūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَتْ [aʿṭat] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | سَنَكُونُ [sa-nakūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَيْنا [aʿṭaynā] |
| أنتم (antum) | سَتَكُونُونَ [sa-takūnūna] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُمْ [aʿṭaytum] |
| هم (hum) | سَيَكُونُونَ [sa-yakūnūna] قَدْ أَعْطَوْا [aʿṭaw] |
MSA has no distinct conditional mood. 'Would' in a statement (often reported speech, 'he said he would write') is expressed with kāna (past) + the sa- future: kāna sa-yaktubu, literally 'he was going to write'. Real hypothetical 'if... would' sentences use a different construction (see Conditional sentences in Grammar).
| أنا (anā) | كُنْتُ [kuntu] سَأُعْطِي [sa'uʿṭī] |
| أنتَ (anta) | كُنْتَ [kunta] سَتُعْطِي [sa-tuʿṭī] |
| أنتِ (anti) | كُنْتِ [kunti] سَتُعْطِينَ [sa-tuʿṭīna] |
| هو (huwa) | كانَ [kāna] سَيُعْطِي [sa-yuʿṭī] |
| هي (hiya) | كانَتْ [kānat] سَتُعْطِي [sa-tuʿṭī] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | كُنّا [kunnā] سَنُعْطِي [sa-nuʿṭī] |
| أنتم (antum) | كُنْتُمْ [kuntum] سَتُعْطُونَ [sa-tuʿṭūna] |
| هم (hum) | كانُوا [kānū] سَيُعْطُونَ [sa-yuʿṭūna] |
A heavy, mostly written/bookish compound — kāna (past) + sa-akūnu (future of kāna) + qad + the past main verb — for 'would have written'. In practice, most speakers avoid it and rephrase with a لو (law, 'if only') hypothetical sentence instead (see Conditional sentences in Grammar).
| أنا (anā) | كُنْتُ [kuntu] سَأَكُونُ [sa'akūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُ [aʿṭaytu] |
| أنتَ (anta) | كُنْتَ [kunta] سَتَكُونُ [sa-takūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتَ [aʿṭayta] |
| أنتِ (anti) | كُنْتِ [kunti] سَتَكُونِينَ [sa-takūnīna] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتِ [aʿṭayti] |
| هو (huwa) | كانَ [kāna] سَيَكُونُ [sa-yakūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَى [aʿṭā] |
| هي (hiya) | كانَتْ [kānat] سَتَكُونُ [sa-takūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَتْ [aʿṭat] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | كُنّا [kunnā] سَنَكُونُ [sa-nakūnu] قَدْ أَعْطَيْنا [aʿṭaynā] |
| أنتم (antum) | كُنْتُمْ [kuntum] سَتَكُونُونَ [sa-takūnūna] قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُمْ [aʿṭaytum] |
| هم (hum) | كانُوا [kānū] سَيَكُونُونَ [sa-yakūnūna] قَدْ أَعْطَوْا [aʿṭaw] |
The present stem changes its final ending (marfūʿ -u becomes manṣūb -a, and the nūn of taktubīna/taktubūna/yaktubūna is dropped) after linking particles: أَنْ (an, 'to', joining two verbs), لَنْ (lan, 'will not' — the standard way to negate the future), and كَيْ/لِكَيْ (kay/likay, 'so that') or حَتَّى (ḥattā, 'in order to/until') for purpose.
| أنا (anā) | أَنْ أُعْطِيَ [an uʿṭiya] |
| أنتَ (anta) | أَنْ تُعْطِيَ [an tuʿṭiya] |
| أنتِ (anti) | أَنْ تُعْطِي [an tuʿṭī] |
| هو (huwa) | أَنْ يُعْطِيَ [an yuʿṭiya] |
| هي (hiya) | أَنْ تُعْطِيَ [an tuʿṭiya] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | أَنْ نُعْطِيَ [an nuʿṭiya] |
| أنتم (antum) | أَنْ تُعْطُوا [an tuʿṭū] |
| هم (hum) | أَنْ يُعْطُوا [an yuʿṭū] |
The jussive drops the present tense's final short vowel or nūn ending. Placed after لَمْ (lam, 'did not'), it is the standard formal way to negate a past action — more common in writing than negating the perfect verb with مَا.
| أنا (anā) | لَمْ أُعْطِ [lam uʿṭi] |
| أنتَ (anta) | لَمْ تُعْطِ [lam tuʿṭi] |
| أنتِ (anti) | لَمْ تُعْطِي [lam tuʿṭī] |
| هو (huwa) | لَمْ يُعْطِ [lam yuʿṭi] |
| هي (hiya) | لَمْ تُعْطِ [lam tuʿṭi] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | لَمْ نُعْطِ [lam nuʿṭi] |
| أنتم (antum) | لَمْ تُعْطُوا [lam tuʿṭū] |
| هم (hum) | لَمْ يُعْطُوا [lam yuʿṭū] |
After إِنْ (in, 'if'), both the if-clause verb and the result-clause verb take the jussive. This is the main B1–B2 way to build a real, likely conditional ('if you do X, Y will happen'), corresponding to English 'if + present, will + verb'.
| أنا (anā) | إِنْ أُعْطِ [in uʿṭi] |
| أنتَ (anta) | إِنْ تُعْطِ [in tuʿṭi] |
| أنتِ (anti) | إِنْ تُعْطِي [in tuʿṭī] |
| هو (huwa) | إِنْ يُعْطِ [in yuʿṭi] |
| هي (hiya) | إِنْ تُعْطِ [in tuʿṭi] |
| نحن (naḥnu) | إِنْ نُعْطِ [in nuʿṭi] |
| أنتم (antum) | إِنْ تُعْطُوا [in tuʿṭū] |
| هم (hum) | إِنْ يُعْطُوا [in yuʿṭū] |
Built from the jussive stem: drop the person prefix, and if the stem then starts with two consonants, add a helping alif (اُ-/اِ-) at the front, pronounced with a short u or i. Only exists for the three 'you' forms; other persons use a linking particle instead (e.g. لِيَكْتُبْ, li-yaktub, 'let him write' — not covered at this level).
| أنا (anā) | — |
| أنتَ (anta) | أَعْطِ [aʿṭi] |
| أنتِ (anti) | أَعْطِي [aʿṭī] |
| هو (huwa) | — |
| هي (hiya) | — |
| نحن (naḥnu) | — |
| أنتم (antum) | أَعْطُوا [aʿṭū] |
| هم (hum) | — |
Negative commands are not a separate verb form: they are simply لَا (lā, 'don't') plus the jussive of the same 'you' forms used in the affirmative imperative, unlike English, which reuses the plain verb ('write' → 'don't write').
| أنا (anā) | — |
| أنتَ (anta) | لَا تُعْطِ [lā tuʿṭi] |
| أنتِ (anti) | لَا تُعْطِي [lā tuʿṭī] |
| هو (huwa) | — |
| هي (hiya) | — |
| نحن (naḥnu) | — |
| أنتم (antum) | لَا تُعْطُوا [lā tuʿṭū] |
| هم (hum) | — |
| أَعْطَيْتُهُ العَنْوانَ. aʿṭaytuhu l-ʿunwāna. | I gave him the address. |
| سَأُعْطِيكَ الوَثائِقَ غَدًا. sa'uʿṭīka l-wathāʾiqa ghadan. | I'll give you the documents tomorrow. |
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