Conjugation › Hungarian › Szabad lenni
Hungarian · Verb Tables · Advanced
szabad lenni means "to be allowed" in Hungarian. Present, indefinite: szabad. Below: all 8 tenses we teach, with examples.
Stem + personal ending by vowel harmony (back -ok/-sz/-unk/-tok/-nak; front -ek/-ünk/-tek/-nek; rounded front -ök/-ünk/-tök or -ek/-ünk). Used with no object or an unspecific one. Stems in d, t, s, sz, z often add a linking vowel in the 2nd person (küldesz). The -ik verb dolgozik has -om/-ol and -ik in the singular. It also covers the English continuous; add éppen to stress "right now".
| szabad |
Stem + -t- + personal ending: -am/-ál/-Ø/-unk/-atok/-ak (front -em/-él/-ünk/-etek/-ek). The 3rd person singular is the bare t-stem, with a linking vowel when the stem ends in a consonant cluster (küldött, dolgozott). One past covers did, was doing and has done.
| szabad volt |
Infinitive + conjugated fog (fogok, fogsz, fog, fogunk, fogtok, fognak). In speech the present with a time word often replaces it (Holnap dolgozom). A verbal prefix goes before fog (el fogok menni) in neutral sentences.
| szabad lesz |
Past tense + invariant volt: the completed past before another past event. Written and formal; in speech the simple past is used.
| szabadott volt |
Stem + -na/-ne + ending (1st sg -nék/-nék, 2nd sg -nál/-nél). Polite requests (Kérnék egy kávét), wishes, advice and unreal "if" clauses (Ha lenne időm, olvasnék). Rounded-front/d-stems add -e- (küldenék).
| szabad lenne |
Past tense + volna: unreal past (Ha tudtam volna, szóltam volna). Volna is invariant and never takes the personal ending.
| szabad lett volna |
Stem + -j- (assimilated after s, sz, z, dz: dolgozz, olvass) + ending: -jak/-j(ál)/-jon/-junk/-jatok/-janak. Command in the 2nd person; wish or exhortation in the 1st and 3rd; the 3rd person is also the polite ön/önök command (Jöjjön be!). The negative uses ne + the same form: Ne várj!
| szabad legyen |
The dictionary form: -ni, with linking -e- after some consonants (küldeni). Used after modals (tud, akar, kell, lehet, szabad, szeret) and in the future with fog.
| szabad lenni |
| Itt nem szabad dohányozni. | Smoking is not allowed here. |
| Szabad? | May I? / Is this seat free? |
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