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Finire Conjugation

finire means "to to finish" in Italian. Present: io finisco, tu finisci, lui / lei / Lei finisce, noi finiamo, voi finite, loro finiscono. Below: all 23 tenses we teach, with examples.

Present Presente

Add the present endings to the stem; used for habitual actions, general truths and (as in English) near-future plans.

iofinisco
tufinisci
lui / lei / Leifinisce
noifiniamo
voifinite
lorofiniscono

Present continuous Presente progressivo

stare (present) + gerund; stresses that an action is happening right now, more emphatic than the simple present.

iosto finendo
tustai finendo
lui / lei / Leista finendo
noistiamo finendo
voistate finendo
lorostanno finendo

Present perfect Passato prossimo

avere/essere (present) + past participle; the everyday spoken past for completed actions, especially in the north.

ioho finito
tuhai finito
lui / lei / Leiha finito
noiabbiamo finito
voiavete finito
lorohanno finito

Imperfect Imperfetto

Describes ongoing or habitual past actions, background scenes and states ('was/used to speak'), without a defined endpoint.

iofinivo
tufinivi
lui / lei / Leifiniva
noifinivamo
voifinivate
lorofinivano

Pluperfect Trapassato prossimo

avere/essere (imperfect) + past participle; a past action completed before another past action.

ioavevo finito
tuavevi finito
lui / lei / Leiaveva finito
noiavevamo finito
voiavevate finito
loroavevano finito

Historical past Passato remoto

Literary/narrative simple past used in writing and, in Tuscany and the South, in speech for the same range as the passato prossimo. Many -ere verbs have alternate short forms (credetti, credette, credettero alongside credei, credé, crederono).

iofinii
tufinisti
lui / lei / Leifinì
noifinimmo
voifiniste
lorofinirono

Literary pluperfect Trapassato remoto

Literary only (marked as such): avere/essere (passato remoto) + past participle, used almost exclusively after quando/dopo che/appena with a passato remoto in the main clause.

ioebbi finito
tuavesti finito
lui / lei / Leiebbe finito
noiavemmo finito
voiaveste finito
loroebbero finito

Simple future Futuro semplice

Stem drops the infinitive's final vowel (parler-, creder-, dormir-, finir-) before future endings; used for future events and for present probability/guesses.

iofinirò
tufinirai
lui / lei / Leifinirà
noifiniremo
voifinirete
lorofiniranno

Future perfect Futuro anteriore

avere/essere (simple future) + past participle; a future action completed before another future point, or past probability ('must have').

ioavrò finito
tuavrai finito
lui / lei / Leiavrà finito
noiavremo finito
voiavrete finito
loroavranno finito

Conditional present Condizionale presente

Same future stem + conditional endings; polite requests, wishes, and the result clause of hypothetical sentences.

iofinirei
tufiniresti
lui / lei / Leifinirebbe
noifiniremmo
voifinireste
lorofinirebbero

Conditional perfect Condizionale passato

avere/essere (conditional present) + past participle; 'would have done', and reported future-in-the-past.

ioavrei finito
tuavresti finito
lui / lei / Leiavrebbe finito
noiavremmo finito
voiavreste finito
loroavrebbero finito

Subjunctive present Congiuntivo presente

Stem + subjunctive endings (all three singular persons look alike, which is why subject pronouns are often kept for clarity); used after present-tense triggers.

iofinisca
tufinisca
lui / lei / Leifinisca
noifiniamo
voifiniate
lorofiniscano

Subjunctive past Congiuntivo passato

avere/essere (subjunctive present) + past participle; a completed action, still governed by a present-tense trigger.

ioabbia finito
tuabbia finito
lui / lei / Leiabbia finito
noiabbiamo finito
voiabbiate finito
loroabbiano finito

Subjunctive imperfect Congiuntivo imperfetto

Used after a past-tense trigger, and in the 'if' clause of unreal hypotheses (se + imperfetto congiuntivo).

iofinissi
tufinissi
lui / lei / Leifinisse
noifinissimo
voifiniste
lorofinissero

Subjunctive pluperfect Congiuntivo trapassato

avere/essere (subjunctive imperfect) + past participle; a completed action before a past trigger, and the 'if' clause of unreal past hypotheses.

ioavessi finito
tuavessi finito
lui / lei / Leiavesse finito
noiavessimo finito
voiaveste finito
loroavessero finito

Affirmative imperative Imperativo affermativo

No io form; tu takes the present-tense tu form for -are verbs but the present-subjunctive-like ending for -ere/-ire verbs' tu is actually identical to the indicative present except -are verbs use -a; Lei/loro forms borrow the present subjunctive.

io—
tufinisci
lui / lei / Leifinisca
noifiniamo
voifinite
lorofiniscano

Negative imperative Imperativo negativo

For tu, non + infinitive (never non + the affirmative tu form); all other persons simply add non before the same form as the affirmative.

io—
tunon finire
lui / lei / Leinon finisca
noinon finiamo
voinon finite
loronon finiscano

Infinitive (present) Infinito presente

The dictionary form; used after modal verbs, prepositions, and as a verbal noun.

finire

Infinitive (past) Infinito passato

avere/essere (infinitive) + past participle; an action completed before the main verb, often after 'dopo'.

aver finito

Gerund (present) Gerundio presente

Used with stare for the progressive, and alone for 'by/while doing'; does not change for person or gender.

finendo

Gerund (past) Gerundio passato

avendo/essendo + past participle; a completed action linked to the main clause.

avendo finito

Participle (present) Participio presente

Mostly survives as an adjective or noun (parlante, credente) rather than in verbal use; agrees like a two-ending adjective.

finente

Participle (past) Participio passato

Forms all compound tenses with avere/essere; agrees in gender/number with the subject when the auxiliary is essere, and with a preceding direct-object pronoun.

finito

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