Conjugation › Russian › Myt'
Russian · Verb Tables · Advanced
мыть (myt') means "to wash" in Russian. Present: я (ya) мою (moyu), ты (ty) моешь (moyesh'), он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) моет (moyet), мы (my) моем (moyem), вы (vy) моете (moyete), они (oni) моют (moyut). Below: all 15 tenses we teach, with examples.
Imperfective verbs only — perfective verbs have no present tense. Stem + personal endings, expresses actions happening now, repeated/habitual actions, and general truths; also covers what English marks as the present continuous.
| я (ya) | мою (moyu) |
| ты (ty) | моешь (moyesh') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | моет (moyet) |
| мы (my) | моем (moyem) |
| вы (vy) | моете (moyete) |
| они (oni) | моют (moyut) |
Perfective/imperfective distinction lives in the stem, not the ending: infinitive stem minus -ть + -л (masculine), -ла (feminine), -ло (neuter), -ли (plural) — the same ending set for every verb in the language. Does not mark person, only gender and number; agreement is with the real subject's gender, so "I"/"you (singular)" have separate masculine/feminine forms. Imperfective past describes an ongoing, repeated or general past action, or one whose completion is not in focus.
| я (ya) | мыл / мыла (myl / myla) |
| ты (ty) | мыл / мыла (myl / myla) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | мыл / мыла / мыло (myl / myla / mylo) |
| мы (my) | мыли (myli) |
| вы (vy) | мыли (myli) |
| они (oni) | мыли (myli) |
Same -л/-ла/-ло/-ли endings, but on the perfective partner verb's stem (прочитать, поговорить); marks a single completed action or its result, the normal choice for narrating a sequence of finished events.
| я (ya) | помыл / помыла (pomyl / pomyla) |
| ты (ty) | помыл / помыла (pomyl / pomyla) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | помыл / помыла / помыло (pomyl / pomyla / pomylo) |
| мы (my) | помыли (pomyli) |
| вы (vy) | помыли (pomyli) |
| они (oni) | помыли (pomyli) |
Future of быть (буду, будешь, будет, будем, будете, будут) + imperfective infinitive. Used for ongoing, repeated or general actions in the future, or when the aspect of the action is not being emphasized.
| я (ya) | буду мыть (budu myt') |
| ты (ty) | будешь мыть (budesh' myt') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | будет мыть (budet myt') |
| мы (my) | будем мыть (budem myt') |
| вы (vy) | будете мыть (budete myt') |
| они (oni) | будут мыть (budut myt') |
The perfective verb's present-tense-shaped conjugation (same endings as an imperfective present) automatically carries future meaning, because a perfective verb cannot describe an ongoing present. Used for a single completed action that will happen once.
| я (ya) | помою (pomoyu) |
| ты (ty) | помоешь (pomoyesh') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | помоет (pomoyet) |
| мы (my) | помоем (pomoyem) |
| вы (vy) | помоете (pomoyete) |
| они (oni) | помоют (pomoyut) |
Past-tense form (either aspect) + the invariant, moveable particle бы. There is only one form for past, present and future hypotheticals — context and adverbs (тогда, сейчас, завтра) show the time meant. Used for hypothetical or unreal conditions (usually with если...бы), polite requests and suggestions, and wishes.
| я (ya) | мыл бы / мыла бы (myl by / myla by) |
| ты (ty) | мыл бы / мыла бы (myl by / myla by) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | мыл бы / мыла бы / мыло бы (myl by / myla by / mylo by) |
| мы (my) | мыли бы (myli by) |
| вы (vy) | мыли бы (myli by) |
| они (oni) | мыли бы (myli by) |
чтобы (что + бы fused into one word) + past-tense form, used after verbs of wanting, asking, ordering something for someone else to do (хочу, чтобы...), in purpose clauses ("in order that"), and after жаль/жалко for regrets. The subordinate verb always takes this чтобы + past shape regardless of the real time of the wish.
| я (ya) | чтобы я мыл / мыла (chtoby ya myl / myla) |
| ты (ty) | чтобы ты мыл / мыла (chtoby ty myl / myla) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | чтобы он мыл / она мыла / оно мыло (chtoby on myl / ona myla / ono mylo) |
| мы (my) | чтобы мы мыли (chtoby my myli) |
| вы (vy) | чтобы вы мыли (chtoby vy myli) |
| они (oni) | чтобы они мыли (chtoby oni myli) |
True 2nd-person imperative: stem + -й (after a vowel), -и (after a consonant, stressed), or -ь (after a single consonant, unstressed) for "you (singular)"; add -те for "you (plural/formal)". 1st-person plural uses давай(те) + infinitive ("let's..."); 3rd person uses пусть/пускай + the ordinary present or simple-future form (a jussive, not a true imperative). Positive commands typically use the perfective aspect for a single expected action.
| я (ya) | — |
| ты (ty) | мой (moy) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | пусть моет (pust' moyet) |
| мы (my) | давайте мыть (davayte myt') |
| вы (vy) | мойте (moyte) |
| они (oni) | пусть моют (pust' moyut) |
не + the same imperative forms. Negative commands strongly prefer the imperfective aspect (не читай, not не прочитай), because a perfective negative imperative sounds like a warning against something happening accidentally rather than a plain prohibition.
| я (ya) | — |
| ты (ty) | не мой (ne moy) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | пусть не моет (pust' ne moyet) |
| мы (my) | давайте не будем мыть (davayte ne budem myt') |
| вы (vy) | не мойте (ne moyte) |
| они (oni) | пусть не моют (pust' ne moyut) |
Dictionary form, ending in -ть (or -ти/-чь for some consonant stems). Used after modal words (нужно, можно, хочу) and other conjugated verbs, and as a verbal noun.
| мыть (myt') |
Imperfective verbs only: 3rd-person-plural present stem + -щий, declined like an adjective for gender, case and number (citation form is masculine nominative singular). Means "[who/that is] verb-ing".
| моющий (moyushchiy) |
Past-tense stem (either aspect) + -вший (or -ший after a consonant), declined like an adjective. Means "[who/that] verbed / has verbed".
| мывший / помывший (myvshiy / pomyvshiy) |
Imperfective, mainly transitive verbs: 1st-person-plural present stem + adjective endings (-ый/-ая/-ое). Fairly bookish; not every verb forms one in everyday use (говорить rarely does — a paraphrase like о чём говорится is used instead).
| моемый (moyemyy) |
Mostly from perfective transitive verbs: stem + -нный/-тый, declined like an adjective; has a short form (-н/-т, agreeing only in gender/number) used as the predicate of passive sentences. The everyday way to say "is/was done".
| помытый, short помыт/-а/-о/-ы (pomytyy, pomyt/-a/-o/-y) |
Perfective only: past stem + -в (-вши before a reflexive -сь, or -ши after a consonant). Invariable; describes a completed action prior to the main verb's ("having verbed").
| помыв (pomyv) |
| Он моет посуду после ужина. On moyet posudu posle uzhina. | He washes the dishes after dinner. |
| Помой руки перед едой. Pomoy ruki pered yedoy. | Wash your hands before eating. |
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