Conjugation › Russian › Padat' / upast'
Russian · Verb Tables · Intermediate
падать / упасть (padat' / upast') means "to to fall" in Russian. Present: я (ya) падаю [padayu], ты (ty) падаешь [padayesh'], он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) падает [padayet], мы (my) падаем [padayem], вы (vy) падаете [padayete], они (oni) падают [padayut]. Below: all 9 tenses we teach, with examples.
Formed from the imperfective present stem plus personal endings (1st or 2nd conjugation). It covers habitual actions, general truths, and actions happening right now; perfective verbs have no present tense at all.
| я (ya) | падаю [padayu] |
| ты (ty) | падаешь [padayesh'] |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | падает [padayet] |
| мы (my) | падаем [padayem] |
| вы (vy) | падаете [padayete] |
| они (oni) | падают [padayut] |
Drop -ть from the infinitive and add -л (masculine), -ла (feminine), -ло (neuter) or -ли (plural), agreeing with the subject's gender and number, never with person. Describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past, or simply names a past fact without stressing that it was completed — this single form covers what English splits into "simple past" and "was doing."
| я (ya) | падал [padal] / падала [padala] |
| ты (ty) | падал [padal] / падала [padala] |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | падал [padal] / падала [padala] / падало [padalo] |
| мы (my) | падали [padali] |
| вы (vy) | падали [padali] |
| они (oni) | падали [padali] |
Same -л/-ла/-ло/-ли formation, but on the perfective stem. Presents the action as a single completed event, usually with a result that still matters — this is the form that does the job of English's "present perfect" ("I have read it") as often as its simple past.
| я (ya) | упал [upal] / упала [upala] |
| ты (ty) | упал [upal] / упала [upala] |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | упал [upal] / упала [upala] / упало [upalo] |
| мы (my) | упали [upali] |
| вы (vy) | упали [upali] |
| они (oni) | упали [upali] |
Compound future: the future of быть (буду, будешь, будет, будем, будете, будут) plus the imperfective infinitive. Used for an action that will be ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the future, without saying whether it will be finished.
| я (ya) | буду падать [padat'] |
| ты (ty) | будешь падать [padat'] |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | будет падать [padat'] |
| мы (my) | будем падать [padat'] |
| вы (vy) | будете падать [padat'] |
| они (oni) | будут падать [padat'] |
Perfective verbs take the same personal endings as the present tense, but on the perfective stem, giving a one-word simple future. Describes a single action that will be completed.
| я (ya) | упаду [upadu] |
| ты (ty) | упадёшь [upadyosh'] |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | упадёт [upadyot] |
| мы (my) | упадём [upadyom] |
| вы (vy) | упадёте [upadyote] |
| они (oni) | упадут [upadut] |
Бы + the imperfective past (-л/-ла/-ло/-ли) form. Used for general or repeated hypotheticals, polite wishes, and requests where completion isn't the point.
| я (ya) | падал [padal] бы / падала [padala] бы |
| ты (ty) | падал [padal] бы / падала [padala] бы |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | падал [padal] бы / падала [padala] бы / падало [padalo] бы |
| мы (my) | падали [padali] бы |
| вы (vy) | падали [padali] бы |
| они (oni) | падали [padali] бы |
Бы + the perfective past form. Used for a single hypothetical action seen as completed — the closest match to English's "would have done."
| я (ya) | упал [upal] бы / упала [upala] бы |
| ты (ty) | упал [upal] бы / упала [upala] бы |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | упал [upal] бы / упала [upala] бы / упало [upalo] бы |
| мы (my) | упали [upali] бы |
| вы (vy) | упали [upali] бы |
| они (oni) | упали [upali] бы |
Ты/вы forms come from the present/future stem plus -й/-йте (or -и/-ите after a consonant cluster); мы uses давай(те) + infinitive or the perfective 1st-plural future; the 3rd persons use пусть + present/future.
| я (ya) | — |
| ты (ty) | упади [upadi] (rare/unnatural — falling isn't done on command; mostly jokes or dares) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | пусть упадёт [pust' upadyot] (rare) |
| мы (my) | давайте упадём [davayte upadyom] (very rare/artificial) |
| вы (vy) | упадите [upadite] (rare) |
| они (oni) | пусть упадут [pust' upadut] (rare) |
Не + the same forms, almost always built on the imperfective aspect (не читай, not не прочитай) even when the corresponding affirmative command would be perfective — a perfective negative instead warns against an accidental action (не забудь, "don't forget"), which is a separate, narrower use not covered here.
| я (ya) | — |
| ты (ty) | не упади [ne upadi] (common everyday warning: "don't fall!") |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | пусть не упадёт [pust' ne upadyot] |
| мы (my) | давайте не будем падать [davayte ne budem padat'] (rare/unnatural) |
| вы (vy) | не упадите [ne upadite] (common formal warning) |
| они (oni) | пусть не упадут [pust' ne upadut] |
| Зимой цены на аренду немного падают. Zimoy tseny na arendu nemnogo padayut. | In winter rental prices fall a little. |
| Я упал на льду и повредил руку. Ya upal na l'du i povredil ruku. | I fell on the ice and hurt my arm. |
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