Conjugation › Russian › Shit'
Russian · Verb Tables · Advanced
шить (shit') means "to sew" in Russian. Present: я (ya) шью (sh'yu), ты (ty) шьёшь (sh'yosh'), он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) шьёт (sh'yot), мы (my) шьём (sh'yom), вы (vy) шьёте (sh'yote), они (oni) шьют (sh'yut). Below: all 14 tenses we teach, with examples.
Imperfective verbs only — perfective verbs have no present tense. Stem + personal endings, expresses actions happening now, repeated/habitual actions, and general truths; also covers what English marks as the present continuous.
| я (ya) | шью (sh'yu) |
| ты (ty) | шьёшь (sh'yosh') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | шьёт (sh'yot) |
| мы (my) | шьём (sh'yom) |
| вы (vy) | шьёте (sh'yote) |
| они (oni) | шьют (sh'yut) |
Perfective/imperfective distinction lives in the stem, not the ending: infinitive stem minus -ть + -л (masculine), -ла (feminine), -ло (neuter), -ли (plural) — the same ending set for every verb in the language. Does not mark person, only gender and number; agreement is with the real subject's gender, so "I"/"you (singular)" have separate masculine/feminine forms. Imperfective past describes an ongoing, repeated or general past action, or one whose completion is not in focus.
| я (ya) | шил / шила (shil / shila) |
| ты (ty) | шил / шила (shil / shila) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | шил / шила / шило (shil / shila / shilo) |
| мы (my) | шили (shili) |
| вы (vy) | шили (shili) |
| они (oni) | шили (shili) |
Same -л/-ла/-ло/-ли endings, but on the perfective partner verb's stem (прочитать, поговорить); marks a single completed action or its result, the normal choice for narrating a sequence of finished events.
| я (ya) | сшил / сшила (sshil / sshila) |
| ты (ty) | сшил / сшила (sshil / sshila) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | сшил / сшила / сшило (sshil / sshila / sshilo) |
| мы (my) | сшили (sshili) |
| вы (vy) | сшили (sshili) |
| они (oni) | сшили (sshili) |
Future of быть (буду, будешь, будет, будем, будете, будут) + imperfective infinitive. Used for ongoing, repeated or general actions in the future, or when the aspect of the action is not being emphasized.
| я (ya) | буду шить (budu shit') |
| ты (ty) | будешь шить (budesh' shit') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | будет шить (budet shit') |
| мы (my) | будем шить (budem shit') |
| вы (vy) | будете шить (budete shit') |
| они (oni) | будут шить (budut shit') |
The perfective verb's present-tense-shaped conjugation (same endings as an imperfective present) automatically carries future meaning, because a perfective verb cannot describe an ongoing present. Used for a single completed action that will happen once.
| я (ya) | сошью (sosh'yu) |
| ты (ty) | сошьёшь (sosh'yosh') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | сошьёт (sosh'yot) |
| мы (my) | сошьём (sosh'yom) |
| вы (vy) | сошьёте (sosh'yote) |
| они (oni) | сошьют (sosh'yut) |
Past-tense form (either aspect) + the invariant, moveable particle бы. There is only one form for past, present and future hypotheticals — context and adverbs (тогда, сейчас, завтра) show the time meant. Used for hypothetical or unreal conditions (usually with если...бы), polite requests and suggestions, and wishes.
| я (ya) | шил бы / шила бы (shil by / shila by) |
| ты (ty) | шил бы / шила бы (shil by / shila by) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | шил бы / шила бы / шило бы (shil by / shila by / shilo by) |
| мы (my) | шили бы (shili by) |
| вы (vy) | шили бы (shili by) |
| они (oni) | шили бы (shili by) |
чтобы (что + бы fused into one word) + past-tense form, used after verbs of wanting, asking, ordering something for someone else to do (хочу, чтобы...), in purpose clauses ("in order that"), and after жаль/жалко for regrets. The subordinate verb always takes this чтобы + past shape regardless of the real time of the wish.
| я (ya) | чтобы я шил / шила (chtoby ya shil / shila) |
| ты (ty) | чтобы ты шил / шила (chtoby ty shil / shila) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | чтобы он шил / она шила / оно шило (chtoby on shil / ona shila / ono shilo) |
| мы (my) | чтобы мы шили (chtoby my shili) |
| вы (vy) | чтобы вы шили (chtoby vy shili) |
| они (oni) | чтобы они шили (chtoby oni shili) |
True 2nd-person imperative: stem + -й (after a vowel), -и (after a consonant, stressed), or -ь (after a single consonant, unstressed) for "you (singular)"; add -те for "you (plural/formal)". 1st-person plural uses давай(те) + infinitive ("let's..."); 3rd person uses пусть/пускай + the ordinary present or simple-future form (a jussive, not a true imperative). Positive commands typically use the perfective aspect for a single expected action.
| я (ya) | — |
| ты (ty) | шей (shey) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | пусть шьёт (pust' sh'yot) |
| мы (my) | давайте шить (davayte shit') |
| вы (vy) | шейте (sheyte) |
| они (oni) | пусть шьют (pust' sh'yut) |
не + the same imperative forms. Negative commands strongly prefer the imperfective aspect (не читай, not не прочитай), because a perfective negative imperative sounds like a warning against something happening accidentally rather than a plain prohibition.
| я (ya) | — |
| ты (ty) | не шей (ne shey) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | пусть не шьёт (pust' ne sh'yot) |
| мы (my) | давайте не будем шить (davayte ne budem shit') |
| вы (vy) | не шейте (ne sheyte) |
| они (oni) | пусть не шьют (pust' ne sh'yut) |
Dictionary form, ending in -ть (or -ти/-чь for some consonant stems). Used after modal words (нужно, можно, хочу) and other conjugated verbs, and as a verbal noun.
| шить (shit') |
Imperfective verbs only: 3rd-person-plural present stem + -щий, declined like an adjective for gender, case and number (citation form is masculine nominative singular). Means "[who/that is] verb-ing".
| шьющий (sh'yushchiy) |
Past-tense stem (either aspect) + -вший (or -ший after a consonant), declined like an adjective. Means "[who/that] verbed / has verbed".
| шивший / сшивший (shivshiy / sshivshiy) |
Mostly from perfective transitive verbs: stem + -нный/-тый, declined like an adjective; has a short form (-н/-т, agreeing only in gender/number) used as the predicate of passive sentences. The everyday way to say "is/was done".
| сшитый, short сшит/-а/-о/-ы (sshityy, sshit/-a/-o/-y) |
Perfective only: past stem + -в (-вши before a reflexive -сь, or -ши after a consonant). Invariable; describes a completed action prior to the main verb's ("having verbed").
| сшив (sshiv) |
| Бабушка шьёт мне платье. Babushka shyot mne plat'ye. | Grandma is sewing me a dress. |
| Сшей мне юбку к субботе, пожалуйста. Sshey mne yubku k subbote, pozhaluysta. | Sew me a skirt by Saturday, please. |
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