Conjugation › Russian › Vrat'
Russian · Verb Tables · Advanced
врать (vrat') means "to lie" in Russian. Present: я (ya) вру (vru), ты (ty) врёшь (vryosh'), он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) врёт (vryot), мы (my) врём (vryom), вы (vy) врёте (vryote), они (oni) врут (vrut). Below: all 13 tenses we teach, with examples.
Imperfective verbs only — perfective verbs have no present tense. Stem + personal endings, expresses actions happening now, repeated/habitual actions, and general truths; also covers what English marks as the present continuous.
| я (ya) | вру (vru) |
| ты (ty) | врёшь (vryosh') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | врёт (vryot) |
| мы (my) | врём (vryom) |
| вы (vy) | врёте (vryote) |
| они (oni) | врут (vrut) |
Perfective/imperfective distinction lives in the stem, not the ending: infinitive stem minus -ть + -л (masculine), -ла (feminine), -ло (neuter), -ли (plural) — the same ending set for every verb in the language. Does not mark person, only gender and number; agreement is with the real subject's gender, so "I"/"you (singular)" have separate masculine/feminine forms. Imperfective past describes an ongoing, repeated or general past action, or one whose completion is not in focus.
| я (ya) | врал / врала (vral / vrala) |
| ты (ty) | врал / врала (vral / vrala) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | врал / врала / врало (vral / vrala / vralo) |
| мы (my) | врали (vrali) |
| вы (vy) | врали (vrali) |
| они (oni) | врали (vrali) |
Same -л/-ла/-ло/-ли endings, but on the perfective partner verb's stem (прочитать, поговорить); marks a single completed action or its result, the normal choice for narrating a sequence of finished events.
| я (ya) | соврал / соврала (sovral / sovrala) |
| ты (ty) | соврал / соврала (sovral / sovrala) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | соврал / соврала / совралo (sovral / sovrala / sovralo) |
| мы (my) | соврали (sovrali) |
| вы (vy) | соврали (sovrali) |
| они (oni) | соврали (sovrali) |
Future of быть (буду, будешь, будет, будем, будете, будут) + imperfective infinitive. Used for ongoing, repeated or general actions in the future, or when the aspect of the action is not being emphasized.
| я (ya) | буду врать (budu vrat') |
| ты (ty) | будешь врать (budesh' vrat') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | будет врать (budet vrat') |
| мы (my) | будем врать (budem vrat') |
| вы (vy) | будете врать (budete vrat') |
| они (oni) | будут врать (budut vrat') |
The perfective verb's present-tense-shaped conjugation (same endings as an imperfective present) automatically carries future meaning, because a perfective verb cannot describe an ongoing present. Used for a single completed action that will happen once.
| я (ya) | совру (sovru) |
| ты (ty) | соврёшь (sovryosh') |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | соврёт (sovryot) |
| мы (my) | соврём (sovryom) |
| вы (vy) | соврёте (sovryote) |
| они (oni) | соврут (sovrut) |
Past-tense form (either aspect) + the invariant, moveable particle бы. There is only one form for past, present and future hypotheticals — context and adverbs (тогда, сейчас, завтра) show the time meant. Used for hypothetical or unreal conditions (usually with если...бы), polite requests and suggestions, and wishes.
| я (ya) | врал бы / врала бы (vral by / vrala by) |
| ты (ty) | врал бы / врала бы (vral by / vrala by) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | врал бы / врала бы / врало бы (vral by / vrala by / vralo by) |
| мы (my) | врали бы (vrali by) |
| вы (vy) | врали бы (vrali by) |
| они (oni) | врали бы (vrali by) |
чтобы (что + бы fused into one word) + past-tense form, used after verbs of wanting, asking, ordering something for someone else to do (хочу, чтобы...), in purpose clauses ("in order that"), and after жаль/жалко for regrets. The subordinate verb always takes this чтобы + past shape regardless of the real time of the wish.
| я (ya) | чтобы я врал / врала (chtoby ya vral / vrala) |
| ты (ty) | чтобы ты врал / врала (chtoby ty vral / vrala) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | чтобы он врал / она врала / оно врало (chtoby on vral / ona vrala / ono vralo) |
| мы (my) | чтобы мы врали (chtoby my vrali) |
| вы (vy) | чтобы вы врали (chtoby vy vrali) |
| они (oni) | чтобы они врали (chtoby oni vrali) |
True 2nd-person imperative: stem + -й (after a vowel), -и (after a consonant, stressed), or -ь (after a single consonant, unstressed) for "you (singular)"; add -те for "you (plural/formal)". 1st-person plural uses давай(те) + infinitive ("let's..."); 3rd person uses пусть/пускай + the ordinary present or simple-future form (a jussive, not a true imperative). Positive commands typically use the perfective aspect for a single expected action.
| я (ya) | — |
| ты (ty) | ври (vri) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | пусть врёт (pust' vryot) |
| мы (my) | давайте врать (davayte vrat') |
| вы (vy) | врите (vrite) |
| они (oni) | пусть врут (pust' vrut) |
не + the same imperative forms. Negative commands strongly prefer the imperfective aspect (не читай, not не прочитай), because a perfective negative imperative sounds like a warning against something happening accidentally rather than a plain prohibition.
| я (ya) | — |
| ты (ty) | не ври (ne vri) |
| он / она / оно (on / ona / ono) | пусть не врёт (pust' ne vryot) |
| мы (my) | давайте не будем врать (davayte ne budem vrat') |
| вы (vy) | не врите (ne vrite) |
| они (oni) | пусть не врут (pust' ne vrut) |
Dictionary form, ending in -ть (or -ти/-чь for some consonant stems). Used after modal words (нужно, можно, хочу) and other conjugated verbs, and as a verbal noun.
| врать (vrat') |
Imperfective verbs only: 3rd-person-plural present stem + -щий, declined like an adjective for gender, case and number (citation form is masculine nominative singular). Means "[who/that is] verb-ing".
| врущий (vrushchiy) |
Past-tense stem (either aspect) + -вший (or -ший after a consonant), declined like an adjective. Means "[who/that] verbed / has verbed".
| вравший / соврaвший (vravshiy / sovravshiy) |
Perfective only: past stem + -в (-вши before a reflexive -сь, or -ши after a consonant). Invariable; describes a completed action prior to the main verb's ("having verbed").
| соврав (sovrav) |
| Он часто врёт, чтобы не расстраивать людей. On chasto vryot, chtoby ne rasstraivat' lyudey. | He often lies so as not to upset people. |
| Не ври мне! Ne vri mne! | Don't lie to me! |
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